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Great Comet of 1744
The Great Comet of 1744, whose official designation is C/1743 X1, and which is also known as Comet de Chéseaux or Comet Klinkenberg-Chéseaux, was a spectacular comet that was observed during 1743 and 1744. It was discovered independently in late November 1743 by Jan de Munck, in the second week of December by Dirk Klinkenberg, and, four days later, by Jean-Philippe de Chéseaux. It became visible with the naked eye for several months in 1744 and displayed dramatic and unusual effects in the sky. Its absolute magnitude — or intrinsic brightness — of 0.5 was the sixth highest in recorded history.〔Kidger, M. ''(Comet Hale-Bopp Light Curve )'', NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, accessed 17-11-08〕 Its apparent magnitude may have reached as high as -7, leading it to be classified among what are called the "Great Comets". This comet is noted especially for developing a 'fan' of six tails after reaching its perihelion.
== Discovery ==
The comet was discovered on November 29, 1743, by Jan de Munck at Middelburg,〔De Munck, J., ''Sterrekundige Waarneemingen op de Comeet of Staart-Sterre; Sedert den 29 November des Jaars 1743. tot op den 1 Maart van den Jaare 1744'', Amsterdam/Middelburg: Isaak Tirion/Hendrik van Hoekke, 1744.〕 and was independently sighted on December 9, 1743 by Klinkenberg at Haarlem, and by Chéseaux from the observatory at Lausanne on December 13. Chéseaux said it lacked a tail and resembled a nebulous star of the third magnitude; he measured the coma as five minutes across.〔Kronk, G. W. ''Cometography: A Catalog of Comets'', I, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, p. 408.〕
The comet brightened steadily as it approached perihelion. By February 18, 1744, it reportedly was as bright as the planet Venus (with an apparent magnitude of -4.6) and at this time displayed a double tail.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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